@Article{OliveiraMMIMMNASF:2020:LeAmDa,
               author = "Oliveira, Edmar Almeida de and Marimon J{\'u}nior, Ben Hur and 
                         Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes and Iriarte, Jos{\'e} and Morandi, 
                         Paulo S. and Maezumi, S. Yoshi and Nogueira, Denis S. and 
                         Arag{\~a}o, Luiz Eduardo Oliveira e Cruz de and Silva, Izaias 
                         Brasil da and Feldpausch, Ted R.",
          affiliation = "{Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT)} and {Universidade 
                         do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT)} and {Universidade do Estado de 
                         Mato Grosso (UNEMAT)} and {University of Exeter} and {Universidade 
                         do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT)} and {University of Exeter} and 
                         {Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universidade Federal do Acre 
                         (UFAC)} and {Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT)}",
                title = "Legacy of amazonian dark Earth soils on forest structure and 
                         species composition",
              journal = "Global Ecology and Biogeography",
                 year = "2020",
               volume = "29",
               number = "9",
                pages = "1458--1473",
                month = "Sept",
             keywords = "anthropogenic, archaeology, conservation, ethnobotany, 
                         palaeoecology, Palaeoindian, pre-Columbian.",
             abstract = "Aim Amazonian forests predominantly grow on highly weathered and 
                         nutrient poor soils. Anthropogenically enriched Amazonian Dark 
                         Earths (ADE), traditionally known asTerra Preta de indio, were 
                         formed by pre-Columbian populations. ADE soils are characterized 
                         by increased fertility and have continued to be exploited 
                         following European colonization. Here, we evaluated the legacy of 
                         land-use and soil enrichment on the composition and structure in 
                         ADE and non-ADE (NDE) forests. Location Eastern and southern 
                         Amazonia. Time period Pre-Columbia - 2014. Methods We sampled nine 
                         pairs of ADE and adjacent NDE forest plots in eastern and southern 
                         Amazonia. In each plot, we collected soil samples at 0-10 and 
                         10-20 cm depth and measured stem diameter, height, and identified 
                         all individual woody plants (palms, trees and lianas) with 
                         diameter >= 10 cm. We compared soil physicochemical properties, 
                         vegetation diversity, floristic composition, aboveground biomass, 
                         and percentage of useful species. Results In the nine paired 
                         plots, soil fertility was significantly higher in ADE soil. We 
                         sampled 4,191 individual woody plants representing 404 species and 
                         65 families. The floristic composition of ADE and NDE forests 
                         differed significantly at both local and regional levels. In 
                         southern Amazonia, ADE forests had, on average, higher aboveground 
                         biomass than other forests of the region, while in eastern 
                         Amazonia, biomass was similar to that of NDE forests. Species 
                         richness of both forest types did not differ and was within the 
                         range of existing regional studies. The differences in composition 
                         between large and small diameter tree recruits may indicate 
                         long-term recovery and residual effects from historical land-use. 
                         Additionally, the proportion of edible species tended to be higher 
                         in the ADE forests of eastern and southern Amazonia. Main 
                         conclusions The marked differences in soil fertility, floristic 
                         composition and aboveground biomass between ADE and NDE forests 
                         are consistent with a small-scale long-term land-use legacy and a 
                         regional increase in tree diversity.",
                  doi = "10.1111/geb.13116",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.13116",
                 issn = "1466-822X",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "oliveira_legacy.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "13 maio 2024"
}